Introduction
Historical background
The United Nations
The International Bill of Human Rights
The United Nations organizational structure
Regional protection of human rights
Europe
The organization of american states
The African union
Monitoring, implementing, and enforcing human rights
Substantive rights : general comments
Equality and non-discrimination
The right to life
Freedom from torture; cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment; or punishment
The right to liberty of person
Equality before the law : the right to a fair trial
The right to self-determination
Freedom of expression
The right to work
The right to education and human rights education
Minority rights
Group rights
Looking to the future.